Mass Media Communication and the Transmission Effects on Religious Beliefs Essay Example

Broad communications Communication and the Transmission Effects on Religious Beliefs Essay Theoretical as of late, religion has been in strife over the relationship to the TV for a few distinct reasons. One of the most significant explanations behind this association is the accessibility to extend a point or subject to people in general in a huge setting without leaving the congregation. In any case, the more seasoned styles of religions don't bolster this sort of present day innovation because of the absence of the faculty factor that is remembered for some strict lessons. A significant number of the cutting edge religions have taken to this kind of show on account of the advantages that are accessible. Backing for this style of data issemination is obviously communicated by current religion figures. Ongoing strict fgures can be cited as saying, Religion and media are covering social procedures delivering and deciphering images and ceremonies through which individuals express and challenge social significance including their relationship to the otherworldly or holy. (Campbell, 2010) This message was conveyed from Pope John Paul II for the 23rd World Communications Day in 1989, The inquiry going up against the Church today in no longer whether the man in the road can get a handle on a strict message, however how to mploy the interchanges media to let him have the full effect of the gospel message. (Paulus PP. , 1989) Mass media has increased huge ground as the go to wellspring of exact news and data. This type of correspondence has gotten vigorously lac ed with current religion occasions. We will compose a custom article test on Mass Media Communication and the Transmission Effects on Religious Beliefs explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Mass Media Communication and the Transmission Effects on Religious Beliefs explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Mass Media Communication and the Transmission Effects on Religious Beliefs explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Despite the fact that broad communications has furnished religion with a positive scene trying to acquire perceivability and bolster endeavors enveloping convictions and confidence rehearses. Broad communications has likewise contrarily affected the establishment of religion since it has took into consideration the loss of the center importance of the religions conviction framework during transmission. Truly, this type of correspondence neutralizes built up strict qualities. The connection between broad communications and religion has been unsurprising since the beginning; uninterested gatherings on the two sides. While media mediums have developed from the beginning of time, the relationship has profound roots ever. Reports including religion quite often are a piece of greater increasingly newsworthy occasions. The attention on the center importance of a religions conviction framework has gotten progressively increasingly insecure as computerized Journalism has developed. The hazy area that has created among media and religion is gigantic. Religion and media are covering social procedures delivering and deciphering images and ceremonies through which individuals express and challenge social importance including their relationship to the otherworldly or sacrosanct. (Campbell, 2010) Where does the division occur inside in todays age? What characterizes the center conviction arrangement of religion and the way of achievement? Despite the fact that the advanced type of broad communications can be viewed as emphatically affecting religion by giving another and present day standpoint. Broad communi cations can likewise be introductions lose the center convictions that give framework and are anticipated uring transmission. There have been various discussions with respect to the moral revealing conveyed from media sources and the obligation of open observation. Numerous strict fgures request that news sources take towards announcing strict undertakings. As of now, the subject of whose duty is it to verify that in news commendable strict occasion, the exactness of the strict honesty of reports? In hypothetical investigation finished by S. H. Hosseini, he notes Major endeavors have been depleted carrying religion closer to media (instead of bringing media closer o religion), or to separate the customary limits between the strict and the media. (Kaur, 2009) The significance of the picking up watchers and making expanded rating has over shadowed the effect of numerous recorded occasions. Media has transferred a nonstop message of ownership rises to satisfaction, including religion. Researchers keep on argueing the relationship among religion and the media. Stolow expressed that Consumption is a piece of strict life when one purchases a book by a profound instructor, or pays for a youngster to go to a strict school. Yet, the onsumption way to deal with religion proposes that it isn't important to peruse the book or for the youngster to focus or for some strict end to be served. (Stolow 2008) Opinions like his have raised discussions scrutinizing the center conviction of religion and the transmission of these convictions. He further inquiries media impacts of the holiness of religion, Certainly, media in the entirety of their monetary, emblematic, performative and techno-prosthetic measurements, have gotten key to the terms of connection inside and among the encapsulated systems and envisioned universes that comprise the hallowed (Stolow 2008). Morals of Journalism With the moving of center towards strife in religion as newsworthy, where do the moral perspectives become possibly the most important factor for Journalist and news detailing offices? In 2001 Doug Underwood discovered answers. Distributed in the Journal of Mass Media, Underwood set out to decide whether the fundamental good and moral cautions found in the Judeo-Christian custom despite everything hold their power with the cutting edge news media, even among the most flippant and contrarian of Journalists. (Underwood, 2001) The accompanying table outlines his outcomes. (Table 1 . ) Underwoods discoveries uncovered a general accord that Journalist had solid Table 1 . Wellspring of Journalists Ethical Values 1 (Not at All) 2 3 (Some) 4 5 (A Great Deal) to need to unequivocally interface their expert standards just with Christian educating. Concentrate on Positive Communications Mass media has given religion a helpful scene to acquire perceivability, backing and participation ofa specific confidence. One religion that has experience the two sides of media progressions is Catholicism. The Census of the 2012 Annuario Pontificio, meant the Pontifical Yearbook, distributed the quantity of Roman Catholics on the pl anet was around 1. 2 billion toward the finish of 2010. These numbers atapult the Church and the pioneers As per the Pew Research Center, Pope Benedict XVI overwhelmed standard religion inclusion from 2007 2012 (Illustration 1. 1) Media introduction of this size has incited the Catholic Church to take a forceful situation on broad communications correspondence; equipping an enormous part of its statement of purpose conveyance towards an all the more mechanically present day media medium. Tolerating the effect of media covers society, this position permits the congregation a more grounded voice in this way a more grounded effect on change the fluctuating observation framed by and through broad communications. Numerous strict pioneers have grasped the new information smart age and have encouraged church pioneers to play a functioning job by joining current innovation into the framework of their love administrations. Current innovation is a suitable source to connect with individuals and other battling with their strict convictions. A vitally recorded occasion that has happened on the planet today is the abdication of Pope Benedict WI. As a world strict pioneer numerous news sources have concentrated providing details regarding the bits of gossip about potential ramifications of the Popes retirement in the midst of sexual embarrassment with individuals from the pastorate. The embarrassment ertainly Justifies news commendable announcing however has the media concentrated a lot on blame dispensing and overlooked the chronicled importance behind a strict pioneer of this size perceiving the phenomenal capacity expected to lead devotees has been undermined because of wellbeing or is the media endeavoring to divert the publics concentrated on greater issues that are affecting our country, for example, the sequestration? Kaur, M. (2009, nov 02). Media, Film, Music and Religion. Recovered 02 04, 2013, from Exploring the Holy in Hollywood: http://religionandmediacourse. blogspot. com/2009/11 [exploring-sacred in-hollywood. ml Paulus PP. , l. (1989, 05 07). Message of the Holy Father John Paul II. Recovered 02 04, 2013, from Religion in the Mass Media: http://www. vatican. va/holy_father/]ohn_paul_ii/messages/correspondences/records/hf_Jp-ii_mes_24011989_world-interchanges day_en. html Sterin, C. J. (2012). Broad communications Revolution. New York: University of Maryland University College Campbell, H. A. (2010). At the point when Religion Meets New Media. New York: Routledge. Hosseini, S. H. (2008). Religion and Media, Religious Media, or Media Religion: Theoretical Studies. Diary Of Media Religion, 7(1/2), 56-69. doi:10. 1080/Corrigan, J. Morgan, D. , Silk, M. , Williams, R. H. (2006). ELECTRONIC MEDIA AND THE STUDY OF AMERICAN RELIGION. Religion At-nencan culture, 16(1), 1-24. stolow, J. (ed. ) (2008). Deus in Machina: Religion and Technology in Cross Cultural Perspective. New York: Fordham University Press. McLuhan, M. (1964). Getting Media: The Extensions of Man. New York: McGraw Hill. Underwood, D. (2001). Secularists or Modern Day Prophets? : Journalists Ethics and the Judeo-Christian Tradition. Diary Of Mass Media Ethics, 16(1), 33-47 http://www. pewresearch. organization/2013/02/12/pope-benedict-throughout the-years-news-inclusion by-the-numbers/

TERM PAPER OUTLINE

Research paper OUTLINE Any research paper layout is the best solid compass all through the entire composition. Here an individual orchestrates the entire arrangement of components, he is set up to examine in his research paper. By and large, an individual needs to do it all alone. In any case, in the event that you need an expert help and research project diagram, we are prepared to help. The pragmatic utilization of the underlying thought of research project diagram creation is here as a significant help for you to remain focused. It is exceptionally critical to adhere to chosen focuses in your research paper. At whatever point, a coach can demand you to present your working research project plot, you ought to be completely prepared to introduce it. The individual in question will most likely assess ways you are probably going to create in your postulation. Because of his instructive experience, your coach will have the option to see the bearing your paper is taking. In the event that essential, you can amend, change and reframe the underlying rendition of your research paper layout. For instance, you find new material and find new plans to turn into a piece of your research project. Research paper OUTLINE Research paper diagram is a type of a structure to follow. The advantage of having a research paper diagram is regularly disparaged. Suppose you were to have a total outline of a house, an exacting rule to follow. Wouldn’t you need a similar rule for your own life? If you somehow happened to realize that the choice that you will cause will to present to you an achievement in whatever you do. Wouldn’t you need that? In any case, a research paper plot is a wellspring of an unmistakable research paper structure that you will possibly profit when utilized. Mastermind the significant focuses and sub-focuses you wish to talk about. Investigate the culmination of the structure and do some additional items at the end.â You may believe that following a rule meaning a research project layout is testing won't go anyplace. Utilize your imagination as much as you need and apply the rationale of a framework. Presentation presents principle thought or the term paper’s reason. Familiarize the peruser with the issue or theme and propose a theory proclamation. Body will incorporate body sections, focuses and their supporting realities or contentions proceeding onward to conceivable existing or fanciful yet potential arrangements. End summarizes the focuses you made to help the thought or term paper’s reason. All done!

How Student Athlete Insurance Protects Financial Futures

How Student Athlete Insurance Protects Financial Futures How Student Athlete Insurance Protects Financial Futures How Student Athlete Insurance Protects Financial FuturesWith specialized insurance policies like loss of value coverage, a drop on draft day could end up paying these athletes millions.Here on the OppLoans Financial Sense Blog,  much of what we write is about helping people protect their financial futures. That’s why we regularly blog about building your savings, earning extra income from a side hustle, repairing your bad credit, and steering clear of predatory no credit check loans. A good deal of the advice we give is true no matter who you are.But  some people have financial futures that are  far, far different than ours. And that means the way they protect their money is unique as well!One of the groups that this applies to is high-level college athletes, especially in men’s sports. These guys stand to potentially make millions (and millions!) once they go pro. But at the same time, one wrong move on the field or an awkward fall on the court could make those millions disappea r in a flash!(Imagine if Deshaun Watson had torn his ACL last season instead of after he was drafted.  It could have changed his entire career trajectory. One thing that wouldnt have changed? The Texans would still be stuck starting Tom Savage.)That’s where insurance comes in. And, sure, lots of us have insurance coverage, but we don’t have coverage quite like the kind that’s offered to these high-level athletesâ€"in both college and the pros.Let’s find out some more about it, shall we?Exceptional Student-Athlete Disability InsuranceIn 1990, the NCAA (the body that governs college athletics) started a program that sponsored disability insurance for “exceptional” student-athletes. Originally, the program only covered football and men’s basketball, but by 1998 it had expanded to include all men’s and women’s sports.The policy offered through the program is called Permanent Total Disability Insurance or PTD. Simply put, if the athlete suffers an injury that forces the m to give up a career in pro sports, the policy will pay them out a large sum to cover the potential earnings that they’ve lost. The policies have a maximum coverage of $10 million for football and men’s basketball, $5 million for baseball, $3 million for men’s ice hockey, and $250,000 for women’s basketball.The program allows players to take out a loan to cover the cost of the insurance premiumsâ€"which often cost tens of thousands of dollars. Once a player receives their pro contract, they can simply pay the loan off and be on their merry way.In the decades since these policies  were first  offered, the market for them has grown at a phenomenal rate. And players don’t have to get their contracts through the NCAA’s program either. Many players now  secure policies on their ownâ€"although the contracts must still be submitted to their school’s compliance office for approval.Here’s the rub. These policies only go into effect if youre injured and can never play your sp ort again. If you get  hurt and  fall from a top ten draft pick to a late fourth rounder but still end up having a pro career, this policy isn’t going to cover you. In 2016, NCAA director of travel and insurance, Juanita Sheely told a reporter from CBS Sports that “More than two and less than a dozen” of these policies have ever been paid out.That’s where insurers started getting creative.Enter Loss-of-Value InsuranceThese are riders (also known as LOV’s) that can be attached to PTD policies and they cover exactly the kind of scenario that we mentioned above: an athlete with top pick potential who gets injured and drops far in the draft.With all the major sports, the potential contract that an athlete can sign gets smaller and smaller the lower their draft position. For instance, Myles Garrett, the first overall pick in the 2017 NFL draft has a contract valued at over $30 million, whereas Ryan Ramcyzk, the 32nd overall pickâ€"and the last player picked in the first round†"has a contract valued at just below $9 million.Slipping in the draft could cost a player millions in guaranteed dollars. When a player takes out a PTD policy, they can also get a Loss of Value rider added to protect against that loss.The first NFL player to collect on his LOV rider was running back Silas Redd, who suffered a knee injury during his final year at USC and ended up going entirely undrafted in 2014â€"although he did eventually play professionally for Washington D.C. The second player to collectâ€"and the first do so with some fanfareâ€"was University of Oregon cornerback Ifo Ekpre-Olomu, whose knee injury in 2014 right before the Rose Bowl caused him to drop from (very likely) the first round to the seventh.There are two factors that have contributed to this increase in popularity for LOV riders. The first is that student-athletes can now take out loans secured against their future earnings in order to pay the expensive premiums. The second is that the NCAA also allows schools to pay those premiums themselves with money from the NCAA’s Student Assistance Fund. In fact, Ekpre-Olomu was one of four University of Oregon athletes, including then-quarterback Marcus Mariota, who had his premiums covered by the school for the 2014 season.Eric Chenowith is a former NBA player and insurance producer at Parq Advisors, where he specializes in disability insurance for college. and professional athletes. He says that he has seen the market for LOV coverage grow “drastically” over the past five years:“Originally, the only part that was available was Permanent Total Disability and, honestly, the chances of collecting on that are, honestly, probably less than one percent. And so a lot of guys just didn’t want to secure it. Loss of Value was around about ten years ago and then it went away and then it came back about 5 years ago and so it’s a sexier product in that it’s a lower hanging fruit to collect on”“You can buy your Permanent Total Disabil ity policy if your career ends, and then you can add a Loss of Value rider to cushion your loss in case you get hurt but you can still go and play,” says Chenowith. “Most athletes like the Loss of Value product in that you can have your cake and eat it too, in that you can collect your benefits and tax-free and still go play your prospective sport.”How are these policies created?Insurance policies are not exactly known for being simple, and these athlete disability contracts are no exception. With both PTD and LOV policies, the insurance companies underwriting the policy have to figure out what a player is likely to get on their next contract.For pro athletes, this can mean figuring out what they’ll be offered on the free market. For college athletes, it means figuring out where they’ll be drafted.“Loss of value coverage has something called a threshold amount,”  says ReedSmith LLP (@reedsmithllp)  attorney Richard Giller who specializes in athlete disability and loss of value coverage. “What happens is a broker or underwriters for the insurance company, or a combination of the two, try to determine the value of the athlete’s first pro contract or his or her next professional contract.”“For college athletes, most of the drafts have slotted contract positions so it’s really kind of a determination of where they think you might be drafted. So if you’re a top ten draft pick in the NFL, you know exactly what the contract values are for those first ten picks. And so insurance companies will usually offer anywhere from 60 to 70 percent of that value as an insured threshold amount. If you get injured that policy year,” says Giller, “and you end up signing a contract for less than that threshold amount, theoretically the insurance is supposed to cover the difference.”Why do these companies set a threshold at 60 to 70 percent instead of the full value? Well, because doing so might, shall we say, incentivize athletes to collect on the po licy over trying to stay healthy and maximize their earnings.According to Chenowith, the universities themselves are also very involved in the process, if not in the actual underwriting of the policies themselves.“The university does play a big role,” says Chenowith. “Ive never called a kid or a parent directly, ever, Ive only gone through compliance officers, head coaches, assistant coaches. Im going through the front door, and the reason why is because the schools involvement is so great.“If a student-athlete on campus wants disability insurance, the first person theyre going to talk to is a compliance officer. So Im calling compliance officers and letting them know about the products we have. The schools are actively involved in the process. They help schedule the exams with physicians to get the applications completed. And if the university is going to be using the Student Assistance Fund to pay the premiums, the compliance office is going to be involved too.”As Giller mentioned, underwriting loss of value coverage for a college athlete is all about figuring out where they’re going to be drafted and then basing their threshold on the salary for that draft slot. And as any draft expert can tell you, figuring out a player’s draft position is no simple feat.Here’s how one group determines draft positionChenowith explains how he and his colleagues estimate a player’s draft slot and use that to craft a policy:“We dont use websites, We dont use any of that stuff online. I think Mel Kiper does a great job, but if you look at his top 10 picks the last couple years, hes only getting two or three right.“Number one, we rank them by position, and we look at trends in the draft to see what positions are most valued in the draft. You notice that quarterbacks, left tackles, and cornerbacks are all really high-value positions in the draft. Offensive guard, running backs, and linebackersâ€"those arent necessarily going to be the most valued picks in t he draft. So we try to find the best players that are at the best positions that have the most value in the draft and then we rank them there.“Its a hybrid of information. Its three things. We go off the history of the draft over the last three years. And then we rank them by position, number two. And then number three, theres a report called The National, which most all NFL teams subscribe to. Its a scouting service. We take that data as well, and whatever the NFL is telling us where theyre projected will help us with where were going to project them in the draft.“From there, we put them in slots. If someones projected in the top five of the NFL draft this years gonna sign for anywhere between 35 million to 28 million dollars over four years. From there, what Lloyds of London does, is that they cut it in half. From that half-point, they assign whats called a threshold.“So if youre the fifth pick, your threshold point would probably be somewhere around pick twelve to fifteen. If you have an injury thats permanent deteriorationâ€"not permanent disability but permanent deteriorationâ€"that makes you fall past your threshold of 12, 13, 14, whatever number it is, thats when you start collecting. So after pick 15 is where youd be in the money.“Depending on how far you fallâ€"if you fall into the second, third, fourth, fifth roundâ€"wherever you fall is your stop-loss point, and thats what your Loss of Value benefit is going to be.”How much you get, and how much you pay, can depend on what sport you playIf you were going to take a bet on a shortstop or a running back suffering a knee injury, which one would you choose? You’d probably choose the running back, since football is a much more violent sport and the risk of injury is much higher.These same principles hold true for PTD and LOV coverage. The cost of the policy isn’t only determined by their draft slot, but also the sport, and even the position, that they play.And surprisingly, football is not t he sport that carries the highest risk position!“Actually, baseball amateur pitchers are the highest risk class just because amateur baseball pitchers are having Tommy John surgery left and right,” says Chenowith. “The numbers of amateur baseball pitchers having Tommy John or any kind of arm surgery are really staggering.“If you were to rate it from the  top down, for amateur sports, it would be college baseball pitchers, number one; college football, number two; college baseball position players, number three; college basketball, number four; college hockey, number five.”The reason that LOV policies exist is to protect athletes from injuries. But just because an athlete takes out an LOV rider and then suffers an injury, that doesn’t mean that the money from that policy is just theirs to collect.Payout isn’t guaranteedWhen an athlete gets injured and drops in the draft, they still have to submit a claim in order to collect. And oftentimes, the insurer will be looking f or a reason that the injury isn’t actually covered.Giller explains:“This leads to one of those misunderstandings with insurance companies. If you ask a Division 1 college football player if he’s ever been injured, his answer will depend on whether he’s missed any games because of an injury. Because the vast majority of starters in Division 1 football have been hurt at some point in terms of they twisted an ankle or they rolled an ankle. But they don’t miss playing time because of it, because it’s a bump or a bruise or a minor incident for them.“And so, on the application process for these policies, there are some questions like, Have you ever been injured in the past 24 months? And if they don’t list every single time they might have rolled their ankle or twisted their knee that didn’t require medical attention, an insurance company might use that as an example of not being 100 percent truthful on an application. These policy applications ask questions like, Have y ou taken any over the counter anti-inflammatory medication in the last two years? And for a college football player that could be, Yes, daily. So filling out the app is a critically important step and being forthcoming as possible on that application.”In order to avoid paying out a claim, many  insurance companies will engage in what Giller has dubbed “post-claim underwriting.”When you underwrite a policy, you’re supposed to look into the athlete’s injury history and most of these applications demand and require a HIPAA release and most of them indicate that we’re going to look into your background to determine your eligibility for coverage. And then most of the insurance companies, in my experience, do absolutely nothing. They don’t investigate a thing,” says Giller.“An athlete may list several knee sprains or a shoulder subluxation or something that’s fairly common for the sport and the insurance companies make no effort to investigate. And then when a claim c omes up they ask for every medical record for past ten years, and when they find an MRI that has something on it that could be interpreted as a bigger strain in the shoulder or knee than was first reported, they believe that they have grounds to potentially deny coverage.”Lots of people have stories about fighting to get their insurance policies honored after filing a claim. In that sense, these elite athletes aren’t so different from the rest of us after all.Do you want to learn more about how different groups or professionals protect their financial future? Send us your questions!  You can  email us  or you can find us on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsEric Chenowith is an insurance producer at  Parq Advisors, where he joined following eight years as a professional basketball player and an additional three years of coaching and teaching at his alma mater, Villa Park High School. Eric works directly with university athletic directors at most all College Football Playoff (C FP) institutions for their student-athlete disability insurance needs. Currently, Eric is a member of the Board Development Task Force at the Orange County Ronald McDonald House in Orange, California. He has also been featured sports topics on The Russillo and Kanell Show along with Outside The Lines with Bob Ley. Eric also served as a featured guest on NBATV with Rick Kamla.Richard  Giller  is partner in the Los Angeles Office of  ReedSmith LLP  (@reedsmithllp). He is one of a handful of attorneys in the country who represents collegiate and professional athletes (and counsels professional sports teams) regarding their disability, loss-of-value and workers’ compensation insurance claims.   He was recently recognized by the Los Angeles Business Journal as one of five finalists for the 2017 Entertainment and Sports Law Attorney of the Year award.

Redifining Presidency Franklin Delano Roosevelt - 1270 Words

There have been many powerful figures throughout history that have played key political roles to change history such as Napoleon, Agnes Macphail, Gandhi,etc. Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the 32nd president of the United States, is the only president in American history to be elected four consecutive times. No other president in history led America through some of its greatest domestic, complex and potentially lethal crisis’s, including the Second World War. He redefined each crisis as a chance of opportunity and strived for change of the American people. The measures president Roosevelt took laid a foundation for economic growth and largely shared success in the years after World War II — an era Philip Roth once described as the greatest†¦show more content†¦The military roles of Japan rapidly expanded their empire throughout Asia and in addition tensions grew between itself and America. As conflicts in China arose from the invasions of the Japanese, the American government managed to obtain neutrality, in efforts of avoiding war. Responsively, In 1933 Roosevelt dramatically improved Americas relationship with the Soviet Union, establishing official ties between the two nations. The president anticipated improved relations with the Soviet Union would benefit the deterring of Japanese expansion. The American Navy had gradually developed suspicion of the Japanese Empire. American probability of supplying aid to the Chinese grew after July 7, 1937, when Chinese and Japanese troops clashed on the Marco Polo Bridge near Beijing, throwing the two nations into a full-scale war. As the United States watched Japanese forces sweep down the coast and then into the capital of Nanjing, general opinion fluctuated decisively in favor of the Chinese. The Government and the people of the United States were profoundly surprised after the news of the bombing and destruction by Japanese aircraft of the United States gunboat Panay and three United States mercha nt vessels on the Yangtze River in China December 12, 1937. By 1940 the American policy of neutrality and isolationism gradually shifted to the opposing of war by providing aid to the nations in current conflict with the Axis Powers. In addition Roosevelt

The State of Technology in Universities - 1338 Words

Over the past decade, there have been numerous strides in technological fields and a growing need to integrate technology into our daily lives. Larger organizations like corporations and universities continually search for new technology to upgrade their infrastructure and computers. In universities, nearly every student has at least one internet connected device. This, and other hardware needs such as servers for storing grades and documents, cause universities to spend over $6.94 billion on hardware and software, not including salaries.[2] More recently, lectures and labs are trying to migrate notes and work onto the web. The movement to integrate technology into education of universities, especially in the field of science, has not been†¦show more content†¦This causes the computer to be used as a middle man and not as a utility to help complete assignments. Also, these sites that students are required to check are fragments and often have poor design. It is common to hav e a different site to check for each class and often those sites have clunky designs and poorly coded, leading to more difficulty for students. These problems with websites and incomplete usage of the curriculum lead to added frustration to both students and teachers. When any person encounters a new tool, they are often taken aback and require instruction on how to operate it. The came applies to professors and students trying to fully utilize the power of technology. Part of the reason that the actual implementation of technology is that professors lack the knowledge and operational skill for the computer or online site. Universities have known this for a while and hence the implementation of the OIT (Office of Information Technology), but as with many resources it is not required. Professors and students have the ability seek help, but rarely do because they assume that they can figure out the system. Much of the confusion can arise out of poor design of the interface of website s and programs.[1] Sites are often clunky and not updated frequently, links and tools most required are sometimes hidden behind a tedious process of clicking and searching for theShow MoreRelatedNorth Carolina State University s Environmental Technology And Management Program2602 Words   |  11 PagesIntroduction   Ã‚  Ã‚   During this semester I traveled with the North Carolina State University’s Environmental Technology and Management program ET 201 class, under the direction of Dr. Teresa Litzenberger, to Little Rock Creek in Raleigh North Carolina. Little Rock Creek is a small stream located in southeast raleigh near the Walnut Creek Wetland Center. Located in a watershed of approximately 705.879 acres, the creek looks like an upside down uppercase â€Å"L† from a map perspective. 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Saint Anselm Free Essays

string(78) " as the Archbishop in England until he died on the 21st day of April in 1109\." Saint Anselm is a well known religious, philosophical, and theological figure in Canterbury, England and a significant contributor in the Catholic Church. He had a strong faith in the Holy Scriptures in relation to truth which then became his basis of his work and life. In addition, he stressed the existence of God through reason. We will write a custom essay sample on Saint Anselm or any similar topic only for you Order Now For him, it is important to see beyond things and concepts with deep obscurity through enlightenment and wisdom (Southern, 1962). Despite the criticisms he received, it is undeniable that Saint Anselm is worthy of studying in the fields of theology, psychology, and philosophy. In this research, the life, works, influence, and impact of Saint Anselm’s contributions are discussed in details. Saint Anselm in his early life Saint Anselm (1033–1109), an Italian-born English philosopher and theologian of the medieval times, was born in the city of Aosta, Piedmont near the border between Italy and France and he died in of Canterbury, Kent, England. Saint Anselm’s family was known to be well off and noble. His father, Gundulph, who was a Lombard by birth, was a person having a harsh character and intense temper. Ermenberga is the name of Saint Anselm’s mother. She was virtuous, religious, and prudent. When Saint Anselm has reached fifteen years of age, he decided to join a monastery, but his father was reluctant in supporting his desire in entering a religious life. Due to disappointment, Saint Anselm has developed psychosomatic illness, which he was able to overcome. However, he has lost his interest with his studies for a long time and he also became more carefree in living his life. It was a difficult time for Saint Anselm to bear the challenges he had for his mother died during that time. t became even worse when his father’s violent character became too unpleasant and unbearable. Saint Anselm at Bec After his student life at Burgundy, Saint Anselm left home in 1057. Later, in 1059 he explored France and started to think about joining a religious life in the Benedictine monastery at Bec, Normandy. The reason why he entered the monastery was because he was inspired by the famous countryman and theologian named Lanfranc, a prior o f the Benedictine Abbey of Bec. He then became Lanfranc’s disciple and companion in the monastery and he finally joined in 1060. Years later, he was twenty-seven years old then, he lived in Avranches and then entered the abbey as a novice. He studied about the works of Saint Augustine for ten years. However, he wrote nothing about his early life, ideas and the things he learned for he spent most of his life in praying and meditating. Although he wrote the De Grammatico, in which he discussed questions that were semantical in nature, and investigated regarding the concepts of possibility and necessity, this work did not have much influence (De grammatico, 2007). In 1063, Lanfranc became the abbot of Caen and Anselm the elected prior of Bec. Saint Anselm served as a prior for fifteen years. Lanfranc became an archbishop of Canterbury in 1070 while Saint Anselm became an abbot in 1078, the year when Herluin, the warrior monk who was the founder and first abbot of Bec died. Anselm’s fame was not only because of his association with Lanfranc but because of his care about the monks, his sensitivity to their needs and the things around him, and his intuitive mind. It was the time of Saint Anselm’s leadership when learning was improved in Bec and its high standard for learning was became popular even to foreign students. This achievement has brought Anselm in close contact with ecclesiastical affairs in Europe. His public life brought his way to be recognized by William the Conqueror who favored Anselm’s effort and initiative in serving the people. Lanfranc eventually died and King William consecrated Saint Anselm as the Archbishop of Canterbury in 1093. He was then considered as one of the most influential Christian thinkers during that time. He was the Archbishop until 1109. Conflicts and political issues Anselm continued living a spiritual life since he became the Archbishop of Canterbury but he was involved in a series of disputes with the king and also with his successor regarding investiture, the primacy of spirituality, and papal jurisdiction. Anselm gave absolute obedience to God and he almost despised politics and mediocrity. The king also unlawfully and took the revenues of the see until he died. In addition, Anselm was not able to recognize Wibert who was supported by Rufus. They were both the anti-pope which Anselm has fought against them. It resulted to a conflict and other issues that made Anselm to exile in 1097. After a year, Anselm decided to resolve the quarrel with the King so went to Rome to seek counseling from his spiritual father. However, it was not easy for him to leave for the king almost did not give him permission to leave. Saint Anselm’s later life Anselm received praise from the Urban at the Siege of Capua and from Count Roger I of Sicily’s troops of Saracen. However, however, Urban did not fully involve in the dispute between Anselm and King William. A great council at Bari asked Anselm to defend the doctrine of the procession of the Holy Ghost against the representatives of the Greek Church. When Henry I became the king in 1100, Anselm returned to England but in 1103 he exiled for the second time due to his refusal to compromise of both king and archbishop in the Concordat of London. Around 1107, Pope Paschal defended about the Double Procession of the Holy Spirit and explained to the king that Anselm’s positions have been modified which resulted to a victory of the Catholic Church over spiritual jurisdiction. However, King Henry remained in control when it comes to the appointment of bishops and abbots. The last two years of Anselm’s life was spent in serving as the Archbishop in England until he died on the 21st day of April in 1109. You read "Saint Anselm" in category "Papers" King Alexander VI canonized Anselm in 1494 (Scholasticism, 2004). He was considered the Doctor of the Church in 1720 (Saint Anselm, 2004). Saint Anselm in the late 11th century Saint Anselm’s life motto is about searching for the meaning and understanding by believing or turning into faith. His main undertaking was to seek reason in order to be enlightened about the content of belief (Southern, 1962, pp. 1-13). He is famous with his ontological proof about God’s existence, which is based on the belief that whatever the mind can conceive can be achieved or realized in reality. Anselm’s first work alludes to unbelievers with the Cur Deus Homo. This lead him to compose his memorable phrase , credo ut intelligam, which is translated in English as â€Å"I believe in order that I may understand† This was included at the end of the opening prayer of his Proslogion in which he discussed his argument regarding the existence of God. Anselm’s work on the Cur Deus Homo in England in 1094 was the time when the societies of France, England, Burgundy, and Normandy, were having an exhilarating event that was related to the First Crusade (Asiedu, 2001). Saint Anselm’s credo presents a statement of belief suggesting that understanding requires someone to believe. Anselm’s opposite belief with Aquinas is the result of the different worlds they were exposed to. Augustine had a rich experience with other religious traditions and he lived most part of his life in participating. On the other hand, Anselm lived his life by trying to maintain everything that is good and keeping his spiritual life. The peace and solemnity at the monastery provided Anselm much time in constructing his intellectual edifice with symmetry and balance. He did not have much knowledge or formal schooling about other religions and religious traditions. His writing about the unbelievers must have been the outcome of his notion that pagans who do not believe in a supreme being like God in the Holy trinity whom he believes in or, perhaps, some non-Christians existed in the Western society before the end of the eleventh century. Anselm’s reference to the pagans and even the Jews proves that he was knowledgeable that they could object Christian teachings such that they might defend the Law in the Old Testament and that they may negatively respond to Jesus’ preaching in the Gospels (Asiedu, 2001). Although Anselm’s ontological argument regarding the existence of God has influenced Descartes and Hegel, Saint Thomas Aquinas rejected it (Misner, 2000). The term â€Å"ontological proof† was first applied by and Emmanuel Kant in his arguments between the seventeenth and the eighteenth century. Anselm demonstrated the existence of God with his popular credo that anything which can be conceived can be achieved and it can exist in reality (Delio, 2003). On the contrary, Aquinas believes that it is possible that some people not capable of understanding some concepts or ideas. Rather, cognition occurs or one understands since an individual serves an instrumental role in the act of cognition. He contends that in order for an individual to understand, it should be first encountered or perceived by the senses to become known or exist in the mind (Dougherty, 2006). Saint Anselm as founder of scholasticism Saint Anselm is considered as the â€Å"Father of Scholasticism† for he emphasized reasoning, argumentation, clear-mindedness, openness, and terseness with humility. He was not after judging those who cannot understand but he emphasized that there is no such thing as impossible to understand. As an example, Anselm developed technical vocabulary of expressions for his theological and philosophical thoughts (Hopkins, 1976). Scholasticism, which focuses on faith and reason, is a philosophy and theology of Christianity in the Western countries in the Middle-Ages. Reason was used to deepen the Christian believers’ understanding and to give rationalization to faith (Scholasticism, 2004; Dougherty, 2006). Philosophers who influenced Saint Anselm Aside from Lanfranc who inspired Anselm’s way of thinking Saint, other earlier Christian philosophers who influenced Anselm’s thoughts were Augustine, Aristotle, and Boethius. Saint Anselm was influenced Saint Augustine who argues that truth exists. Although Anselm articulated the need for redemption in an exclusive way, it was Augustine who first drew a strict correlation between Incarnation and redemption (Delio, 2003). Saint Augustine also contends about the rule of truth in a proposition which makes it true. Boethius worked on puzzling relationship between Creation and Incarnation and believed about Christ having been human regardless of the history of Adam and his sin (Delio, 2003). Like Saint Augustine, Saint Anselm believes about the issue that the world has existed and it forever exists. However, Anselm mentioned about Aristotle only once (Wilks, 1994). In fact, his little knowledge about Aristotle was based on the works of Boethius. Saint Anselm believes that the mystery of the Holy Trinity was not about being the product of cognitive speculation but it is actually about praise and worship in order to strengthen Christians’ faith. There are some modifications about the claims of Augustine in Anselm’s exploration of the doctrine of the Trinity as Monologion or one God in three different persons (Fortin, 2006). Saint Anselm’s contributions Saint Anselm has also contributed to pedagogical studies. The first children’s literature was basically intended for instruction. In the Middle-Ages, Saint Anselm, together with Saint Aldhelm, Aelfric, and Venerable Bede wrote school textbooks in Latin. Some of these texts were eventually used in English and American schools (Children’s Literature, 2004). Anselm’s paradoxes on mercy are also significant concepts for policy makers to consider. The first paradox focuses on justice from a normative point of view in relation to the various strands of retribution, a noncomparative justice that centers on a particular person whose punishment does not depend on others. This implies that a strategy for mercy must be based on the public’s commitment to various strands of retribution. The second paradox poses a dilemma in which mercy is subject to discretion from a comparative point of view where fairness and equality should be attained even in a diverse community. It suggests that a strategy for mercy must adopt equal application of the law for individuals (Misner, 2000). To be in existence means being within God’s love. The creations and God’s salvation are mentally distinguished from each other but they cannot be separated. Salvation is of God’s unconditional and unlimited love for his Creatures. Anselm believes that salvation from within the context may be limited in but God’s justice is an extension of His enduring love, forgiveness, and caring. God’s mercy and justice are determined to restore beauty and harmony to His creation fro God is ultimately good. Even Christ teaches his followers to never stop forgiving others and asking for forgiveness because these are necessary in eradicating the burden of guilt or other hurt feelings that could serve as barriers to happiness. In effect, some laws give pardon to those who plead guilty and sorry for their sins or crimes with the promise to become better individuals. There are instances that people will be attracted in doing crimes if they know they will be forgiven but there are other means to overcome this problem. Constructive punishment can be more effective in reducing crime rates because criminals would realize their wrongdoings, pay for them in a positive way and they will learn how to improve their life and function effectively in the society instead of continuously committing crimes after they are forgiven. Saint Anselm’s impact on other philosophers Many of the Eastern thinkers viewed Incarnation based on the cosmic point of view while Incarnation was seen to impact on juridical and moral aspects as Christology was developed in the West. The later was influenced by the satisfaction theory of Anselm which was supported by saint Thomas Aquinas (Delio, 2003). This theory emphasizes suffering and death of Jesus as a means of salvation. Aquinas argued that reason could possibly lead a person to great spiritual truths and could help him to understand those truths that he accepted on faith (Scholasticism, 2004). God wants the people to realize that death, pain, suffering, and sacrifice in a better perspective. Because He loves His Creations, He wants the people to promote and bring peace to each other to prevent internal and external conflicts within organizations or families. Saint Bonaventure and John Duns Scotus were influenced by Anselm. They both provided a dynamic, inclusive, and broad understanding about Incarnation. Bonaventure and Scotus recognized Anselm’s satisfaction theory in relation to the primacy of Christ. As a result, Anselm was able to attain a level of theological achievement. They were able to effectively articulate and understand profoundly the concept of Incarnation, which serve as the underpinning framework God’s love as the reason for His Creations. Scotus provided an explicit explanation regarding the primacy of Christ while Bonaventure described a primacy of the mystery of the fullness of Christ (Delio, 2003). Bonaventure views Creation and Incarnation as significant factors in the primacy of Christ although in the absence of specific doctrine. It is through Bonaventure that made Catholics and other Christians that Christ is the cente of the universe. Bonaventure opted for the traditional solution of Anselm. In Breviloquium (1255) Bonaventure adopted Anselmian’s position in Incarnation and perfection. People were intended to recognize that the noble perfection of the universe in which he emphasizes not only satisfaction but also Incarnation as part of the cosmic fulfillment. As Bonaventure wrote: â€Å"It is in the Word that we discover the perfection of that greatness of heart which brings all reality to its consummation and completion, since the figure of the circle attests to the perfection of bodies both in the macrocosm and in the microcosm†¦ Indeed, God is simply the first. And the last among the works of the world is man. Therefore, when God became man, the works of God were brought to perfection. † (Bonaventure, 1989, pp. 73-74. ). Richard Southern affirms Anselm’s concepts about Christ’s death. First, it is considered a divine appeasement instead of condemning an innocent person for to pay for other’s sins. Christ’s death was not a mishap but a significant event that strengthened His relationship with God, just like restoring the harmony of creation. Second, Southern appreciates the moral validations of this event for it brought liberation from sins and reconciliation for improved relationship between God and the people. Third, it reflects the real and various human experiences for salvation through Christ. Salvation and biblical symbols are deemed important to be integrated and appropriated through the kinds of Christian practices (Cahill, 2007). Salvation was made possible when God the Father offered Jesus to save the sinners who ask for forgiveness, repent, and do penance. This is the most significant means of demonstrating God’s love for humanity. In response to God’s love, Jesus calls His followers to love their neighbors by being generous, charitable, kind, forgiving, understanding, empathetic, honest, and just at all times and in all places. This classical salvation theory is emphasized in Saint Anselm’s theory of satisfaction (Haight, 1994). God’s act of love or Jesus’ redemption can be best interpreted in modern day activities which were seen in Jesus’ public ministry. If only people would live in accordance to His teachings and examples, promote and practice love, live each day like it is Christmas, and keep a spiritual life, the world will be peaceful and people would learn to care not only to humankind but also to other Creations and the environment. Anselm stressed the role of our mind in making things possible. It is, indeed, true that we can achieve whatever we can think of if we start acting on it and doing the right steps toward the attainment of our goals. Conclusion Saint Anselm’s family background did not anticipate his career but it was his powerful thinking that brought him to a religious life. He did not have a perfect life during his youth and he also experienced challenges. However, he did not allow the negative experiences to ruin his life. Instead, his pursuit in entering a monastery came true when he left and traveled across places. His life and work were influenced mainly by Lanfranc, Aristtole, and Boethius. Although Anselm’s concepts about intelligence and knowing were rejected by Saint Thomas Aquinas, they agree about the satisfaction theory and about the primacy of Christ as the center of the universe. Anselm is famous about the importance of belief in understanding things that has not been conceived. He wanted the people, especially the unbelievers or those he wanted to convert to Christianity to understand the content of their belief by having faith and finding reason to avoid uncertainties. Anselm’s first initiative was to enable the believers to search for reasons in the Christian belief before they are able to profess their faith to their prospect converts or unbelievers. Contemporary thinkers like Bonaventure and Scotus also supported Anselm’s Christology. They have contributed to the centrality of Christ and made it clearer for modern readers to understand about Incarnation and redemption through good reasoning and faith. They also emphasized the mystery of the fullness of Christ. The acceptance of Saint Anselm’s teachings marks the Church’s official teaching regarding the correlation between the sin and salvation and the Incarnation and redemption. Anselm’s work is not only significant in the religious and spiritual life of Christian but also in improving decisions in the social and political contexts. Placing Christ as the center of people’s life and recognizing the love of God for His Creatures are likely to produce positive results. Anselm’s contributions are important for they favor human life in promoting good in the intellectual, emotional, personal, and spiritual aspects of a person. How to cite Saint Anselm, Papers

Tobias George Smollett Essays (566 words) - Picaresque Novels

Tobias George Smollett Tobias George Smollett (1721-1771), Scottish novelist, was born in Dalquhurn, Dumbarton County Scotland. Smollett was born beneath a plane tree at Dalquharn House on the family estate of Bon hill in the Vale of Leven, near the village of Renton, Dumbartonshire. At fourteen Smollett was apprenticed to a Glasgow doctor. He studied medicine at Glasgow University and moved to London in 1740. He was a ship's surgeon in the Carragena expedition against the Spanish in the West Indies, and lived in Jamaica until 1744 when he returned to London and renewed his earlier attempts to stage a play he had written The Regicide, but still met with no success. He also failed to set up his own medical practice. His first novel, the partly autobiographical Roderick Random (1748), was an immediate success. His best novel, The Expedition of Humphry Clinker (1771), has become a classic. It is a story, told in a series of letters, about the travels of a family through England and Scotland. Smollett was troubled by lack of money. He spent his last years in poor health, and died in Livorno, Italy, on October 21, 1771. Two years later, Johnson and Boswell stayed at Cameron House with Smollett's cousin James, who was preparing to erect a Tuscan column in Smollett's memory at Renton. Johnson helped compose the Latin obituary on the plinth, and the column stood in what subsequently became the playground of a school. Some of Tobias Smollett's work consists of The Tears of Scotland (1746). Poem on the defeat of the Scots at the Battle of Culloden. The Adventures of Roderick Random ( 1748 ). Gil Blas. Translation of LeSage's novel. ( 1749 ). The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle ( 1751 ). The Adventures of Ferdinand, Count Fathom ( 1753 ). Don Quixote. Translation of Cervantes' novel. ( 1755). The Adventures of Sir Lancelot Greaves ( 1760 ). Travels through France and Italy ( 1766 ). The History and Adventures of an Atom ( 1769 ). The Expedition of Humphrey Clinker ( 1771 ). Some critics regard Tobias Smollet as more satirist meaning that a work of literature or art that, by inspiring laughter, contempt, or horror, seeks to correct the follies and abuses it uncovers. I don't know what that means though. This is a paragraph from Tobias Smollett's book The Adventures of Roderick Random. Roderick Random is the orphaned, unwanted grandson of a severe old Scots magistrate, exposed by his grandfather's known neglect to the malice of the community. His principal enemies are the schoolmaster and the young heir. It is not long before a deus ex machina appears in the form of a sailor uncle: He was a strongly built man, somewhat bandy-legged, with a neck like that of a bull, and a face which had withstood the most obstinate assaults of the weather. His dress consisted of a soldier's coat, altered for him by the ship's tailor, a striped flannel jacket, a pair of red breeches japanned with pitch, clean grey worsted stockings, large silver buckles that covered theree-fourths of his shoues, a silver laced hat whosecrown overlooked the brim about an inch and a half, a black bob wig in buckle, a check shirt, a silk hankerchief, a henger with a brass handle girded on his thigh by a tarnished laced belt, and a good oak plant under his arm. I picked this paragraph because here Smollett is describing the hero of the story Roderick Random. I believe it is important to have a brief if not full description of characters, so that you can imagine seeing them maybe even being there, in your mind, while they are doing what is described in the book.